Madeira Airport, officially known as Cristiano Ronaldo International Airport, is renowned for its breathtaking yet challenging runway. Located in Santa Cruz, this airport is perched between the Atlantic Ocean and the rugged mountains of Madeira, making it one of the most complicated airports for pilots to navigate.
A History of Expansion
When Madeira Airport first opened in 1964, it featured a runway that was only 1,600 meters long. This short runway posed significant challenges, especially during adverse weather conditions. In response to increasing tourism and a tragic accident in 1977 involving a TAP Air Portugal Boeing 727, the runway was extended to 1,800 meters in 1986. The most significant expansion occurred in 2000, when the runway was extended to 2,781 meters, supported by a platform built over the ocean. This extension allowed the airport to accommodate larger aircraft and improve safety.
The Unique Approach
Landing at Madeira Airport is not for the faint-hearted. Pilots must execute a dramatic U-turn before aligning with the runway, a manoeuvre made necessary by the surrounding mountains. The approach involves flying around the airport and then circling in a 180-degree turn before making a short final approach.
Winds and Weather Challenges
The airport’s location exposes it to strong winds from the Atlantic Ocean and turbulence from the mountains. These winds can create unpredictable conditions, making landings particularly challenging. Pilots often have to contend with crosswinds and wind shear, which can make even routine landings a test of skill.
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